Kier for the bleaching, dyeing, or analogous treatment of wound yarns



Dec. 29 ,1925 1,567,568

- J. BRANDWOOD ET AL KIER FOR THE BLEAGHING, DYEING, OR ANALOGOUS TREATMENT OF WOUND YARNS Filed July 5. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 29, 1925- 1,567,568

J. BRANDWOOD ET AL KIER FOR THE BLEACHING, DYEING, OR ANALQGOUS TREATMENT OF WOUND YARNS Filed July 5, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mania.-

Patented Dec. 29, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN BBANDWOOD, THOMAS BRANDWOOD, AND JOSEPH BRANDWOOD, F ELTON,

' BURY, ENGLAND.

KIER FOR THE BLEACHING, DYEIN G, 0R ANALOGOUS TREATMENT OF WOUND YARNS.

Application flled July 5, 1923. SeriaTNo. 649.675.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN BRANDWOOD. THoMAs BRANDWOOD, and JOSEPH BRAND- wooo, subjects of the King of Great Britain 6 and Ireland, and residents of Elton, Bury, in

the county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain Improvements in Kiers for the.Bleaching, D sing, or Analogous Treatment of Wound arms, of which the follow- 1 ing is a specification.

In the specification to United States Letters Patent No. 1,174,662 granted to two of the present applicants and another there is described and claimed a kier adapted for the bleaching, dyeing, or analogous treatment of yarns wound in compact form upon perforated beams, with means for adjusting the said beams and securing them upon their seats to enable treatment liquor under pres- 2 sure to be passed radially inwards through the yarns upon a beam into the perforated cylinder or body of a beam and thence to the circulating pump, or in the reverse direction.

A spider having radial arms or spokes carries the screwing down means to secure the beams in position, such spider being angularly movable to move the arms out of the 'way when beams are" to be placed in or removed from the kier, and a valve is placed centrally of the kier to allow of thorough drainage of liquor from the kier when the latter is to be drained of liquor.

The present improvements relate to the construction of kiersof the above character, and have for object means for assembling the kier body and its components in such a manner that rapid assembly and disassembly thereof may be effected when desired, means for washing off the beams with water after any treatment operation within the kier, and whilst they are still in position therein,- and means for passing the treatment liquor throu h the beams of yarn in both directions whilst dispensing with the central valve referred to above. The improvements also comprise improved means for securing a cover upon the kier to enable a tight joint to be made between the cover and kier.

The improvements will now be fully described as applied toa. kier formed for the treatment simultaneously therein of six beams of yarn with bleaching, dyeing or analogous fluid, reference being had to the accompanying drawings where1n:-

Figure 1 is a vertical sectionof a complete kier, showing the various improvements, and Figure 2 1s a plan view of the kier as viewed from about the transversal centre line thereof, that is, the cover of the kier and those parts shown. in Figure 1 above such transversal centre line are omitted.

Re erring to the drawings, 1 is a cylindrical steel shell which forms the main body of the kier, and 2 is a dished lower portion also of steel. 3 are spokes, six in number, each of which spokes carries a screw bolt 4 which is situated about centrally of the length thereof. The spokes radiate at equal angular distances apart from a central hub which is an easy rotating fit within a recess formed exteriorly of the casing or chamber 6, which is a water chamber and will be more particularly referred to hereinafter. 4 indicates brackets riveted or otherwise secured to the inner wall of the shell 1. The chamber 6 is provided with exterior strengthening webs 7 and is formed with or bolte upon a central tubular pillar 8, the lower end of which is of truncated conical formation, formin' the conical chamber 9 in the walls of whlch are formed the ports 10 affordin communication between the interior oft e chamber 9 and the interior of the shell 1. The base of the cone 9 rests upon a metal diaphragm 11 which has formed therein the orifices 12, each of which orifices is provided with an annular recess into which a rubber or like packing ring 13 is fitted. The general arrangement and function of the spokes 3, screw bolts 4, brackets 4, diaphragm 11, orifice 12, and packing rings 13 are as set forth in the specification to United States Letters Patent No. 1,174,662 beams of yarn being placed in position over the orifices l2 and the screw bolts 4, serving to press them down securely upon their seats formed by the countersunk portion of each orifice 12, the brackets 4*, preventing the upward warping of the spokes 3 against the pressure of the bolts 4, as the latter are being screwed down. The yarn beams are not shown in position being omitted for clearness of detail of the kier constructed according to the present improvements.

- phragm 11, and a circular flange 23 on the The kier is provided with the usual dished cover 14.

The lower dished end 2 is bolted to the shell 1 by means of bolts 15, which bolts also pass through an angle ring 16 on which the diaphragm 11 rests and to which the said diahragm is bolted by means of the bolts 17. he kier is thus divided into two chambers,

an upper chamber formed by the shell 1, and a lower chamber 18. Between the diaphragm 11 and traversing the chamber 18 is the conduit 19 which is circular in cross\ "held in position by bolts and nuts 21 passing through its upper circular flange 22, the dia.

chamber 9; and by rivets 24 passing through the wall of the dished end 2 of the kier and through the lower circular flange 25 upon the conduit.

' The circular flange 23 just referred to is not continous. It forms a sill to each alternate port 10 in the wall of chamber 9, but is cut away in front of the other ports to give a clear passage for liquor between the chamber 9 and the upper face of the diaphragm 11. Further the ports may be'arranged in staggered radial relation to the orifices 12 in the said diaphragm.

26 is a pipe block fixed to the wall of dished end 2 and concentric with the conduit 19, and 27 is a similar block fixed to give access of liquor therethrough to the chamber 18. 28 are clamps each of which is pivoted to'a lug 29, secured to the kier shell by a pivot pin 30 upon thesaid lug engaging in a slot 31 in the clamp 28 so that the latter may have a sliding motion vertically upon the said pin in addition to its pivotal motion therearo-und. Each clamp 28 is formed with or has fixed upon it a hemispherical snug or projection 32, and at its upper end the clamp bears a threaded bolt with hexagon or other head 33, which bolt passes through the upper limb of the clamp and has its end rounded. A circular flange is formed upon the cover 14 of the kier, which flange when the cover is in position makes tight contact with a similar flange upon the upper end of the shell 1. The outer faces of these flanges, that is the upper face of'the flange34 and the lower the bolts 33 to allow of this. A positive clamping action on each of the flanges 34 and 35 is thus secured.

37 is a water pipe which leads from any suitable source of water supply exterior to the kier, passing through the wall of shell 1 as shown and communicating with the water chamber 6, and being bent to avoid contact with beams of yarn when they are in positionin the kier. 38 are pipes which are perforated as shown on their lower faces, and which. pipes are fixed above the spaces between beams of yarn when the latter are in position within the kier; that is to say, the said pipes are six in number and they are in staggered radial relation to the spokes 3 when the latter are holding the yarn beams upon their seats 12. The said pipes are supported at their outer ends by brackets 39 riveted or otherwise conve n iently secured to the inner face of the shell 1, and their inner ends are secured, as for instance by pipe unions, to orifices 40 in the wall of the water chamber 6.

. When the kier is to be used for certain processes wherein the liquor employed would affect the steel of the various components, as for instance in bleaching, it is necessary to coat with lead all surfaces with which the liquor will come into contact. This is generally effected by lead spraying, and it has to be repeated (at long intervals.) The construction of kier as hereinbefore described lends itself to rapid disassembly or assembly of the various components, when this spraying, or repair of any part is to be eflected, and to the rapid removal of the diaphragm 11 owing to the particular form of its connection to the shell 1 and the'dished end 2. To ensure a fluid tight joint between the periphery of this diaphragm 11 and the shell 1, whilst allowing it to be easily withdrawn past the brackets 4, we adopt the following method, which is an important feature of our improvements. The diaphragm 11 is formed of a lesser diameter than the internal diameter of the kier shell 1, this difference of diameter being sufficient to ensure that the said diaphragm will easily pass the brackets 4* when it is being withdrawn from or replaced within the kier. In 'the first assembly of the kier components, and when the diaphragm 11 has been secured in position upon the angle ring 16, melted lead is poured into the annular recess which is left between the periphery of the diaphragm and the inner face of shell 1. Thus there is, when the lead has cooled, an efficient and fluid tight lead packing ring 41 formed around the diaphragm periphery. Further, this packing ring 41 maybe permanent and will not be destroyed on the removal of the diaphragm 11, as the periphery of the latter may be bevelled as shown in Figure 1. Thus, when the diaphragm after removal isagain placed in position,

it will bend down with its bevelled periphcry in close contact with the correspondinglybevelled inner face of the ring 41.

42 and 43 are pipes leading from a circulating pump and connected to the pipe blocks 26 and 27 respectively. The beams of yarn being placed in position as described in the specification to United States Letters Patent No. 1,174,662 liquor is forced from the pump through the pipe 42, through conduit 19 into conical chamber 9, through ports 10 in the wall of said chamber into the upper chamber formed by the cylindrical shell 1, thence radially inwards through the'yarns on the beams, through the perforations in the beams and through the open ends of the beams and orifices 12 into the lower chamber 18 and thence to pipe 43' and the pump. \Vhen this circulation has been maintained as long as necessary the flow of liquor may be reversed, passing from pipe 43 to chamber 18, through orifices 12 to the interior of the yarn beams, thence radially outwards into the upper chamber, through ports 10 into chamber 9, and thence through conduit 19 to pipe 42. It will be noted that owing to the im roved construction and to the plane up er ace of diaphragm 11, and the form 0 the ports 10, the upper chamber formed by shell 1 will thoroughly empty itself of liquor when circulating pipe 43 is closed to the pump and opened to the drain by the usual arrangement of valves, thus eliminating the valve M of the prior specification No. 1,174,662. When bleaching or analogous treatment of the yarns is finished, water pipe 37 may be opened by a valve placed exteriorly of the kier, and water enters the chamber 6 and passes into the pipes 38 and sprays the yarn upon the beams to remove any scum or the like therefrom. Owing to position of pipes 38 and of the perforations formed therein, each pipe sprays a beam on either side of it.

Any convenient and known method of treating the yarns with air or steam, when necessary, may be adopted. For instance, 44 in Figure 1 is a pipe block to which may be connected a pipe which is in communication with an air compressor. Handholes for the purpose of taking samples of material from the kier may also be provided at convenient points, as known.

Although the kier has been hereinbefore referred to as employed for the treatment of yarns wound upon perforated beams, it can equally well be used for the treatment of yarn wound in the form of cheeses, as set forth in our specification to United States Letters Patent N 0. 1,454,312, and the apparatus described in that specification is deemed to be included in the expression yarn beam where it occurs throughout the foregoing description and in the appended claims.

l/Ve claim 1. In a kier for the bleaching, dyeing and analogous treatment by fluid under pressure of yarns wound upon a perforated beam, a cylindrical shell forming the main portion of the kier, a dished lower end therefor, a diaphragm dividing the inte rior of the shell from that of the dished end to form an upper and a lower chamber within the kier, orifices in the diaphragm around which orifices are formed seatings for perforated beams, a central illar within the kier to carry the means or holding the yarn beams upon their seats, ports in such central pillar, a conduit traversing the lower kier chamber to put said ports in communication with a circulating pump, and an opening in the lower chamber to give communication between the interior of such chamber and the said pump.

2. In a kier for the bleaching, dyeing and analogous treatment by fluid under pressure of yarns wound upon a perforated beam, a cylindrical shell forming the main portion of the kier, a dished lower end therefor, and a diaphragm dividing the interior of the shell and of the dished end to form an upper and a lower chamber, said diaphragm resting upon an angle ring within the kier and having a diameter which is less than the internal diameter of the cylindrical shell, and a lead ring formed within the annular space thus left between the diaphragm periphery and the wall of the shell to make a tight joint be tween them.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands.

JOHN BRANDWOOD. THOMAS BRANDWOOD. JOSEPH BRANDWOOD. 

